Examining the inside of a material is often a destructive process that risks obscuring or deforming critical details. However, advances in computed tomography have opened new opportunities to obtain high resolution, three-dimensional reconstructions of materials in a non-destructive manner.  Through this technique materials scientists can now identify cracks and voids in materials without the need for mounting and polishing, observe processes like battery degradation and dendrite growth in real time, and even obtain 3D diffraction data for identifying phase distributions in a material. In covering this fascinating topic, we are joined by  William Harris from Zeiss Microscopy who shares his expertise as he walks us through the many ways computed tomography is reshaping materials science.
Selected References:

Withers et al. X-ray computed tomography [LINK]
Villarraga-Gómez et al. Assessing rechargeable batteries with 3D X-ray microscopy, computed tomography [LINK]
Finegan et al. Investigating lithium-ion battery materials during overcharge-induced thermal runaway [LINK]
XinChen et al. Interlaminar to intralaminar mode I and II crack bifurcation due to aligned carbon nanotube reinforcement of aerospace-grade advanced composites [LINK]
Plessis et al. Effects of defects on mechanical properties in metal additive manufacturing: A review focusing on X-ray tomography insights [LINK]
Refuting a 70-Year Approach to Predicting Material Microstructure [LINK]
CT Analysis of a Meteorite [LINK]
Johnson et al. Analysis of the interdependent relationship between porosity, deformation, and crack growth during compression loading of LPBF AlSi10Mg [LINK]
Badran et al. Automated segmentation of computed tomography images of fiber-reinforced composites by deep learning [LINK]
Villarraga-Gómez et al. Improving throughput and image quality of high-resolution 3D X-ray microscopes using deep learning reconstruction techniques [LINK]

This episode is sponsored by Zeiss Microscopy. With over 175 years of innovation in microscopy, ZEISS is proud to offer an extensive suite of optical, 3D X-ray, SEM, and FIB-SEM microscopes to help scientists and engineers understand their materials. Every ZEISS microscope comes with the commitment of providing the highest quality instrument, deep application expertise, and a robust global support network. You can learn more about their work and services by visiting their website.
The Materialism Podcast is sponsored by Cal Nano, leading experts in spark plasma sintering and cryomilling technologies. You can learn more about their work and services by visiting their website.
This Materialism Podcast is also sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback

Episode 83: Computed Tomography at Zeiss

The ability to avoid detection is one of the most useful tricks of modern day combat aviation. In this episode we dive into some of the history of various stealth endeavors ranging from painting ships with fun stripes to creating radioactive fuel additives.  All culminating in a discussion of the materials that make a plane stealthy.
References:
History of Radar [LINK]
How do radars work? [LINK]
Radar and the kill web [LINK]
Review of Radar Absorbing Materials [LINK]
Synthesis of radar absorption material for stealth application [LINK]
Carbon-based radar absorbing materials: A critical review [LINK]
Electromagnetic microwave absorption theory and recent achievements in microwave absorbers [LINK]
Synthesis of porous carbon embedded with NiCo/CoNiO2 hybrids composites for excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance [LINK]
Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed by Ben Rich and Leo Janos
Kelly: More Than My Share off It All by Clarence "Kelly" Johnson and Maggie Smith
This episode is sponsored by Cal Nano, learn more about their work and services by visiting their website.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,editing assistance), Andrew Falkowski (co-host, co-creator), Jared Duffy (co-host, production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: F117 Nighthawk Stealth Fighter Jets RAM Radar Absorbing Material Skunkworks Spy Plane

Episode 82: Radar Absorbing Materials

Taylor sits down with Dr. Hayden Evans of NIST and Sir Dr. Anthony Cheetham of UCSB/Cambridge/National University of Singapore to talk about their research on carbon storing materials. Learn what special characteristics makes the materials they are researching well suited for CO2  capture.
Articles:
Perovskite-related ReO3-type structures
Aluminum formate, Al(HCOO)3: An earth-abundant, scalable, and highly selective material for CO2 capture
Noncryogenic Air Separation Using Aluminum Formate Al(HCOO)3 (ALF)
Exclusive Recognition of CO2 from Hydrocarbons by Aluminum Formate with Hydrogen-Confined Pore Cavities
Hydrogen Storage with Aluminum Formate, ALF: Experimental, Computational, and Technoeconomic Studies
This episode is sponsored by Cal Nano, learn more about their work and services by visiting their website.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: CO2 Capture Sequestration Carbon Reducing MOF Formate

Episode 81: New Materials for Carbon Capture

Join us as we speak to Delta Faucet about a new way of ceramics processing. Learn how the process works and why they aren't pursuing it further at the moment. 
This episode is sponsored by Delta Faucet, learn more about their work and services by visiting their website.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Manufacturing  Ceramics Faucets Processing Time

Episode 80: Ceramic Innovation with Delta Faucet

Cryogenic Milling, the name may be self explanatory but the process is not. We sit down with Eric Eyerman CEO of at Cal Nano to talk about what Cryogenic Milling is, how Cal Nano has used it in the past, and the benefits it offers to engineers. 
This episode is sponsored by calnano, learn more about their work and services by visiting their website.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Manufacturing Cryogenic Milling

Episode 79: Cryogenic Milling at Cal Nano

Delve into the new (ish) exciting world of flash sintering and learn how it compares to Spark Plasma Sintering. Also get ready for a little history lesson on ceramic production in the UK.
This episode is sponsored by Lucideon, learn more about their work and job opportunities by visiting their website.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Manufacturing Ceramics UK Flash Sintering

Episode 78: Flash Sintering at Lucideon

The way in which we are using resources to produce materials is putting unsustainable strain on the ecosystem. The circular economy has the potential to make better use of resources, which is particularly important in the construction industry where demand for materials continues to increase. In this episode, we discuss the need for circularity in construction, some examples of where it has been applied and that this is only the beginning if we are to achieve a more sustainable future.
This episode was sponsored by Innovate UK Transforming Foundation Industries Challenge. This challenge is providing funding and support to create a cleaner, more efficient and more competitive sector that is fit for our future. Find out more by searching ‘Transforming Foundation Industries’.
Guests:
Eoin Bailey – UK Innovation Manager – Celsa Steel UK
Dr Asselia Katenbayeva – Research Associate – The Alliance for Sustainable Building Products
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Circular Construction Company

Episode 77: Circular Construction Economy

There must be closer collaboration between industries and more efficient use of resources to achieve more sustainable industry for the future. Industrial symbiosis brings organisations together to find ways to use the waste from one as raw materials for another. In this episode, learn about the benefits of industrial symbiosis, some examples of where it has been successfully applied and why we need to encourage its practice more widely.
This episode was sponsored by Innovate UK Transforming Foundation Industries Challenge. This challenge is providing funding and support to create a cleaner, more efficient and more competitive sector that is fit for our future. Find out more by searching ‘Transforming Foundation Industries’.
Guests:
Dr Anne Velenturf – Senior Research Fellow in Circular Economy – University of Leeds
Chris Holcroft – Energy & Environment Lead – Glass Technology Services
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).

Episode 76: Industrial Symbiosis

Every aspect of our life has recently been flooded with new AI driven tools as ChatGPT continues to spread. The question is can Materials Science benefit from these AIs? Is there a future with this or is this just a flash in the pan fad? Do we need to go the way of Dune and destroy all computers? Find out in this episode. 
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: ChatGPT AI Automation Large Language Models LLM Chat Bots

Episode 75: Large Language Models in Materials Science

There are many benefits for the adoption of digital tools, including machine learning, in materials production and development. However, widespread use remains low in part due to a lack of knowledge and understanding of its applications. What is the state-of-the-art and how could the deployment of digital tools shape materials production in the future?
This episode was sponsored by Innovate UK Transforming Foundation Industries Challenge. This challenge is providing funding and support to create a cleaner, more efficient and more competitive sector that is fit for our future. Find out more by searching ‘Transforming Foundation Industries’ or going to this link.
Guests:
Chris Oswin – Manager of Digital Technologies group – Materials Processing Institute
Dr Tom Whitehead– Head of Machine Learning – Intellegens
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: UKRI Construction Digital Tools Machine Learning

Episode 74: Digital Tools for MSE

Concrete is an essential material in modern society. It is the second most used material after water and it’s demand continues to increase. However, at least 8% of global emissions caused by humans come from the cement industry. Therefore, reducing the environmental impact of cement and concrete production and use is critical in achieving a more sustainable environment. Biological systems are providing inspiration for solutions to this problem. In this episode, learn about two innovators that are developing materials that can reduce the environmental impact of construction.
This episode was sponsored by Innovate UK Transforming Foundation Industries Challenge. This challenge is providing funding and support to create a cleaner, more efficient and more competitive sector that is fit for our future. Find out more by searching ‘Transforming Foundation Industries’ or going to this link.
Guests:
Dr Lívia Riberio de Souza – CTO & Co-founder – Mimicrete
Liv Anderson – CEO & Co-founder – BioZeroc
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: UKRI Construction Materials Bio Inspired Concrete

Episode 73: Bio-Inspired Concrete

The UK foundation industries (chemicals, ceramics, glass, paper, cement and metals) face common challenges to ensure they benefit in the transformation to a more sustainable future. Cross-sector collaboration is essential to share best practice and optimize use of energy and resources. The Innovate UK Transforming Foundation Industries Challenge has brought together these sectors to collaborate and accelerate innovation and one example project is Flue2Chem, which involves 15 partners in metals and chemicals industries with the goal of producing valuable materials from industrial greenhouse gas emissions.
Why is cross-sector collaboration so important and how are the benefits being since today and expected to change into the future?
This episode was sponsored by the Innovate UK Transforming Foundation Industries Challenge. This challenge is providing funding and support to create a cleaner, more efficient and more competitive sector that is fit for our future. Find out more by searching ‘Transforming Foundation Industries’ or going to this link.
Guests:
Bruce Adderley - Challenge Director – Transforming Foundation Industries - Innovate UK
Al Sanderson - Platform Leader Carbon Rainbow, Home Care Advanced Materials and Surface Science - Unilever
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: UKRI Cross-Sector Collaboration

Episode 72: Importance of Cross-Sector Collaboration

Autonomous labs are poised to revolutionize materials and chemistry research. Tools are both less expensive than they once were, and the techniques to use them have been developed. We chat with Andy Cooper of the University of Liverpool to learn how far we've come, what's left to do, and what we can expect going forward.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Autonomous Labs Discovery Chemistry

Episode 71: Automating Materials Discovery

Modern engineers work in environments that most metals simply can't withstand. What do you do when you need a metal to go to incredibly high temperatures? You make an alloy. We take a dive into the history of these nickel "superalloys" to understand what makes them so super and how they are being leveraged to push innovation forward.
Interested in learning more? Check out these awesome resources from TMS:

Superalloys: A Primer and History [LINK]
Superalloys Proceedings Archive [LINK]

This episode is sponsored by GE, a leading company in a multitude of fields. Check out their research homepage here. Take a look at jobs here
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Nickel Superalloy High Temperature Metals High Hardness Work Hardening General Electric

Episode 70: Nickel Superalloys at General Electric

Manufacturing mistakes can be costly to both time and money but a large one can even injure or kill workers. The bets way to combat mistakes is to monitors every step of the process but when it comes to creating complex materials this isn't always so easy. Learn how the sensors used work and why they are so important to the process.
This episode is sponsored by Gefran, to learn more about their products and what they can do for you click the link here.
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Manufacturing Sensors Monitoring Safety

Episode 69: Manufacturing Monitoring at Gefran, Inc.

Learn what Thermal Spray is and how GE is leveraging it in their new projects. From the various types of ignition and feed material to new ways of bonding the coating this technology is constantly evolving at GE.
This episode is sponsored by GE, a leading company in a multitude of fields. Check out their research homepage here. Take a look at jobs here
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Thermal Spray Coatings General Electric

Episode 68: Thermal Spray Coatings at General Electric

Additive manufacturing is spreading to every industry and is evolving way past the stringy plastic prints of the past. Learn how GE is utilizing this technology to print some things you may not expect such as ceramic components for airplane engines. Learn how they cut down on failures for the prints that take months by leveraging new technologies and some old ones too. 
This episode is sponsored by GE, a leading company in a multitude of fields. Check out their research homepage here. Take a look at jobs here
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Materials Science Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing General Electric

Episode 67: Additive Manufacturing at General Electric

Ceramics are an incredibly useful yet notoriously difficult material to work with. Learn how the researches at GE are utilizing CMCs to help increase the usability and applications of ceramics while still keeping many of the beneficial properties. 
This episode is sponsored by GE, a leading company in a multitude of fields. Check out their research homepage here. Take a look at jobs here
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host,editing assistance), Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing), Ramsey Issa.
Keywords: Materials Science CMC Ceramics Composites  General Electric

Episode 66: Ceramic Matrix Composites at General Electric

In light of the recent breakthrough we sit down to discuss the state of fusion as it relates to the materials that makes it possible. From the harsh environments of the reactor the irradiated byproducts they produce materials are in every aspect of the process and drive forward the path to cleaner energy. Later we are joined by Claire Saunders  from Helion Energy to discuss her experience working in the industry as a fusion nuclear materials scientist.
References:
First principles review of options for tritium breeder and neutron multiplier materials for breeding blankets in fusion reactors
Challenges for plasma-facing components in nuclear fusion
CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING MATERIALS FOR FUSION TECHNOLOGY–PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
Designing Radiation Resistance in Materials for Fusion Energy∗
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,co-host), Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host), and Jared Duffy (production, marketing, and editing).
The short clip from Austin Powers falls under fair use:
Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act in 1976
Keywords: Fusion Materials Nuclear Energy Hydrogen Sun Lawrence Livermore Labs Clean Energy

Episode 65: Fusion Reactor Materials

Andrew and Jared are back! After inspiration from the documentary known as Mad Max: Fury Road and The Dark Knight Trilogy we are taking a look at materials that are used to stop ballistic impacts. From the race tire material we wear as vests to the futuristic magnetorheological fluid soaked fabrics.
Sources:
Body Armor Materials Overview
How Stuff Works: Liquid Body Armor
Ballistic Performance of Natural Fiber Based Soft and Hard Body Armour- A Mini Review
A Review on Synthetic Fibers for Polymer Matrix Composites: Performance, Failure Modes and Applications
Ballistic Resistant Body Armor: Contemporary and Prospective Materials and Related Protection Mechanisms
Body armour – New materials, new systems
A review of recent research on materials used in polymer–matrix composites for body armor application
Batman Tech: History Channel Documentary Jared Mentions (Body Armor/Suit Section: 11:00-19:00)
The Materialism Podcast does not support or endorse buying body armor to test the effectiveness of it on yourself or others
This episode is sponsored by Materials Today, an Elsevier community dedicated to the creation and sharing of materials science knowledge and experience through their peer-reviewed journals, academic conferences, educational webinars, and more.
Thanks to Kolobyte and Alphabot for letting us use their music in the show!
If you have questions or feedback please send us emails at materialism.podcast@gmail.com or connect with us on social media: Instagram, Twitter.
Materialism Team: Taylor Sparks (co-creator,, Andrew Falkowski (co-creator,co-host) Jared Duffy (co-host,production, marketing, and editing).
Keywords: Bulletproof Armor Kevlar Body Armor Ceramic Body Plates Ballistic Impact Protection

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